Originally published by RANZCOG on Wednesday 13 May 2026 here.
The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RANZCOG, the College) is pleased at the announcement that polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) has been renamed to Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome (PMOS).
PMOS is a condition impacting an estimated 10-13% of reproductive-aged woman worldwide (WHO, 2026) and is characterised by fluctuations in hormones with impacts on weight, metabolic and mental health, skin, and the reproductive system. It is imperative that the condition’s name accurately reflects its multifaceted nature and is grounded in both scientific evidence and patient lived experience.
The term polycystic ovarian syndrome was coined in 1935, reflecting the originally limited understanding of the condition as solely affecting the ovaries. Subsequent research has highlighted the wide-ranging features of the condition – endocrine, reproductive, cardiometabolic, hormonal, psychological, and more. However, early assumptions have persisted through the misleading name, causing many patients to begin their healthcare journey alarmed or confused, believing they must require surgical intervention for multiple large ovarian cysts. In fact, recent studies have shown that people with PMOS do not have a higher rate of abnormal ovarian cysts than those without the condition. This misunderstanding can dominate early consultations and delay more constructive conversations about symptoms, treatment, and long-term management.
The name change process has been published in The Lancet, outlining the 14-year global collaboration between experts and patients with lived experience, led by Professor Helena Teede, endocrinologist and Director of the Monash Centre for Health Research & Implementation. Professor Teede led the process alongside International Androgen Excess and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Society (AE-PCOS Society) President, Professor Terhi Piltonen, an international co-lead from Oulu University and Oulu University Hospital, Finland, AE-PCOS Society Executive Director Anuja Dokras from the US and Chair of Verity (PCOS UK) Rachel Morman, with 56 patient and professional organisations, including RANZCOG. The new name will be implemented over a three-year transition period, finalised through the 2028 International Guideline update.
RANZCOG was pleased to contribute to the NHMRC/AE-PCOS Society Petition to Rename PCOS, supporting the adoption of a name that accurately and meaningfully reflects the broad underlying pathogens of the condition. The College welcomes this name change and hopes that it drives meaningful change to eliminate misunderstanding and confusion, initiate a shift in public perception, and help patients to feel more informed and empowered.
Further information and PMOS resources are available in multiple languages on the Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation website.